Considerations for Composting Programs

Composting waste is gaining in popularity, but before you start a program for your municipality, organization, or neighborhood, understanding these five conditions that require controlling will enhance you chance for success.

  1. Nutrient and feedstock balance. Decomposition needs a balance of nitrogen-rich “green” organic materials (e.g., manure, food scraps, grass clippings), and carbon-rich “brown” organic materials (e.g., wood chips, dry leaves, branches). Deriving the correct nutrient blend requires patience and experimentation.
  2. Particle size. Shredding compostable material will increase the surface area that microorganism can feed on. While smaller particles produce a more even compost mixture, if the particles are too small they can prevent the free flow of air from throughout the pile.
  3. Moisture. The microorganisms working in your compost pile require adequate moisture for survival. Organic materials will naturally contain some moisture but additional water in the form of intentional watering or rainfall may be required.
  4. Oxygen. Routine turning the compost or including items such as shredded newspaper or wood chips help to keep a steady oxygen flow. The oxygen allows decomposition to occur at a faster rate but care must be taken not to provide too much oxygen as it can dry out the compost.
  5. Temperature. A certain temperature range is required for microorganisms to thrive. This will promote more rapid composting while destroying weed seeds and pathogens. Paying close attention to oxygen, moisture, particle size and nutrient balance can help to ensure an optimal temperature.

WasteCare Wants You to Remember: Composting programs can save your business or municipality money while helping the environment but care needs to be taken to ensure they are done correctly for optimal success.